In addition to training and school loads, athletes typicallyĮncounter additional stress from other external sources such as social, work-related, lifestyle, and The combination of sport and education, also referred to as “dual-career” can be challengingįor young athletes between the ages of 10 and 18 years old as it demands the development of
Keywords: confirmatory factor analysis multiple indicators multiple causes differential itemįunctioning athlete monitoring student-athletes
The indications of group effects suggest thatĬaution should be used if one is interested in making group comparisons when the MTDS-N is usedĪmong student-athletes in Norway until further research is conducted. Student-athletes’ training distress in a reliable manner. The student-athletes’ reports of training distress were moderate.Ĭonclusion: The MTDS-N was found to be suitable for use in a Norwegian population to assess Model and the extended MIMIC model, the factor structure remained unchanged, and the model fit Results showed that DIF occurred in 13 of the MTDS-N items. The results indicated statistically significant group differences in factor scoresįor gender, type of sport, hours of training per week, school program, and school level. The factors in MTDS-N all constituted high scale reliability with McDonald’sωrangingįrom 0.725–0.862. The alternative CFA model revealed that MTDS-N is an acceptable psychometric tool with a goodįit index. Results: When modification indices (MIs) were taken into consideration, Model to investigate whether responses to items differed between groups, resulting in differential Further,ĭirect paths between the covariates and the factor indicators were included in an extended MIMIC Variables of MTDS-N, resulting in the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) model. The CFA model in the total sample, covariates were included to investigate group differences in latent McDonald’s omega (ω)Īlong with confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate scale reliability. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) wasĬonducted to assess the six-factor model proposed by Main and Grove (2009). Sports” in upper secondary schools in Norway. MTDS (MTDS-N) among student-athletes (n=632) attending the optional program subject “Top-Level The present study aimed to investigate the factorial validity of the Norwegian version of (MTDS), consisting of 22 items, is a promising self-report measure to assess training distress amongĪthletes. The Multicomponent Training Distress Scale Have gained considerable popularity in recent years. Received: 9 September 2020 Accepted: 12 October 2020 Published: 19 October 2020 Abstract:Background: Athlete self-report measures (ASRM) are methods of athlete monitoring, which Shalfawiĭepartment of Education and Sports Science, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Correspondence: Tel.:+47-941-50-190 The Factorial Validity of the Norwegian Version of the Multicomponent Training Distress Scale (MTDS-N)Ĭathrine Nyhus Hagum * and Shaher A.
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